Publication Date: 2008 Nov 7 PMID: 19014951br/Authors: Dolan, J. - Chen, A. - Weber, I. T. - Harrison, R. W. - Leis, J.br/Journal: J Mol Biolbr/br/A tetramer model for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) integrase (IN) with DNA representing long terminal repeat (LTR) termini was previously assembled to predict the IN residues that interact with the LTR termini; these predictions were experimentally verified for nine amino acid residues [Chen, A., Weber, I. T., Harrison, R. W. Leis, J. (2006). Identification of amino acids in HIV-1 and avian sarcoma virus integrase subsites required for specific recognition of the long terminal repeat ends. J. Biol. Chem., 281, 4173-4182]. In a similar strategy, the unique amino acids found in avian sarcoma virus IN, rather than HIV-1 or Mason-Pfizer monkey virus IN, were substituted into the structurally related positions of HIV-1 IN. Substitutions of six additional residues (Q44, L68, E69, D229, S230, and D253) showed changes in the 3' processing specificity of the enzyme, verifying their predicted interaction with the LTR DNA. The newly identified residues extend interactions along a 16-bp length of the LTR termini and are consistent with known LTR DNA/HIV-1 IN cross-links. The tetramer model for HIV-1 IN with LTR termini was modified to include two IN binding domains for lens-epithelium-derived growth factor/p75. The target DNA was predicted to bind in a surface trench perpendicular to the plane of the LTR DNA binding sites of HIV-1 IN and extending alongside lens-epithelium-derived growth factor. This hypothesis is supported by the in vitro activity phenotype of HIV-1 IN mutant, with a K219S substitution showing loss in strand transfer activity while maintaining 3' processing on an HIV-1 substrate. Mutations at seven other residues reported in the literature have the same phenotype, and all eight residues align along the length of the putative target DNA binding trench.br/br/post to: a href = http://www.citeulike.org/posturl?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fentrez%2Fquery.fcgi%3Fcmd%3DRetrieve%26db%3DPubMed%26dopt%3DAbstract%26list_uids%3D19014951title=Entrez+PubmedCiteULike/a

img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/mobydick_t.jpg'/img: p When a giant sperm whale rammed a whaling vessel in 1820, the deadly encounter inspired Herman Melville's classic novel, citeMoby Dick/cite. /p p Melville's story, inspired by real-life a href="http://www.wired.com/science/discoveries/news/2008/11/dayintech_1120"man-versus-beast mayhem/a from the 1800s, made it to movie screens in the 1950s. Director John Huston's a href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0049513/"citeMoby Dick/cite/a was evidence of Hollywood's growing fascination with giant, thrashing creatures. /p p Here are some of the best beasties ever captured on celluloid. /p p strongLeft:/strong /p p Captain Ahab (played by Gregory Peck) battles the great white whale in citeMoby Dick/cite. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/148leagues_t.jpg'/img: pA giant squid battles Captain Nemo (played by James Mason) in Walt Disney's 1954 production, citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046672/"20,000 Leagues Under the Sea/a/cite. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/jaws1_t.jpg'/img: p Another great white terror of the deep surfaced in 1975's citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0073195/"Jaws/a/cite, directed by Steven Spielberg. The blockbuster scared beachgoers and spawned three sequels. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/creature_from_the_black_lagoon_t.jpg'/img: p Not nearly as big as a whale, a giant squid or a great white shark, the Gill Man nevertheless emerged from murky waters to menace humans in 1954's citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0046876/"Creature From the Black Lagoon/a/cite, by director Jack Arnold. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/godzilla_king_kong_t.jpg'/img: p In a black-and-white battle of the box office titans, Godzilla battles King Kong in the 1962 Japanese film, citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056142/"Kingu Kongu tai Gojira/a/cite. Only unlucky structures get between the behemoths in director Ishirô Honda's movie. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/the_birds_t.jpg'/img: p Bigger isn't always better. Suspense master Alfred Hitchcock turned seemingly innocuous seagulls into a giant, crowdsourced flying nightmare in 1963's citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0056869/"The Birds/a/cite. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/The_Valley_t.jpg'/img: p A emTyrannosaurus rex/em foolishly liberated from the Forbidden Valley goes on a rampage in citea href="http://us.imdb.com/title/tt0065163/"The Valley of Gwangi/a/cite. Stop-motion animation great a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ray_Harryhausen"Ray Harryhausen/a created the creature for director Jim O'Connolly's 1969 flick. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/Jabba_the_hutt_t.jpg'/img: p Fussy intergalactic fat-ass Jabba the Hutt smokes out, citeStar Wars/cite-style, in citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0086190/"Return of the Jedi/a/cite. The beast is known for his bad temper mdash; and for keeping Princess Leia, dressed in her a href="http://blog.wired.com/underwire/2008/09/amiri----leia-s.html"sexy slave girl outfit/a, on a chain. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/Gremlins2_t.jpg'/img: p Cuddly creatures turn into nightmarish beasts in 1984's citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0087363/"Gremlins/a/cite. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/alienvspredatorrequiem_t.jpg'/img: p Creature-feature fans saw two classic extraterrestrials face off in 2004's citea href="http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0370263/"AVP: Alien vs. Predator/a/cite, by director Paul W.S. Anderson. /p img src='http://www.wired.com/images/slideshow/2008/11/gallery_creatures/cloverfield_t.jpg'/img: p A hideous beast from god knows where thrashes Manhattan in 2008's citea href="http://blog.wired.com/underwire/2008/01/cloverfield-rev.html"Cloverfield/a/cite. Director Matt Reeves did a masterful job of unveiling the monster, one blurry bit at a time. /pbr style="clear: both;"/ a style='font-size: 10px; color: maroon;' href='http://www.pheedo.com/hostedMorselClick.php?hfmm=v3:04b44aff93987e7b55614d976ad0563d:MymZ%2FnrIP8YL6U3Ad2NiytlM7FSohq95lhr7ngYZFdF3vREPuaP5W%2B%2BZPgQknDRjH5qcRc8ucgPQIg%3D%3D'img border='0' title='Add to Facebook' alt='Add to Facebook' src='http://www.pheedo.com/images/mm/facebook.gif'//a a style='font-size: 10px; color: maroon;' href='http://www.pheedo.com/hostedMorselClick.php?hfmm=v3:0798b77271fdd796030fe64426a1110f:N3z23zBoAs0xz%2BuoQ4VLjmyBjXzeoXCHAM1N%2BaTwYvGj2rB%2BQfa4mIe5Or4kr4Es%2B7AfAsKv7n2O'img border='0' title='Add to Reddit' alt='Add to Reddit' src='http://www.pheedo.com/images/mm/reddit.png'//a a style='font-size: 10px; color: maroon;' href='http://www.pheedo.com/hostedMorselClick.php?hfmm=v3:ff8dc4a1d567daa12b4aa49a2630f9da:0HSidXzghMnJcexmI%2FadJM%2FGu86cv3vlGHtM%2FAiZUng5On%2FYMHW%2FDYZbTJ62EKgy3kNmmW4nKYny'img border='0' title='Add to digg' alt='Add to digg' src='http://www.pheedo.com/images/mm/digg.gif'//a a style='font-size: 10px; color: maroon;' href='http://www.pheedo.com/hostedMorselClick.php?hfmm=v3:d36985235daa84637d916292e85c4823:e2S11Wbi45nMuHtNswFOVBKZY%2B6mmkIBz5RiqaNU%2FbxNJ%2Buq%2F%2FWycocUGFB0u9k8rLq2hg8cxxFH'img border='0' title='Add to Google' alt='Add to Google' src='http://www.pheedo.com/images/mm/google.png'//a br style="clear: both;"/ a href="http://www.pheedo.com/click.phdo?s=cc45882f58fda9808ff00acd38a46073p=1"img alt="" style="border: 0;" border="0" src="http://www.pheedo.com/img.phdo?s=cc45882f58fda9808ff00acd38a46073p=1"//a img src="http://www.pheedo.com/feeds/tracker.php?i=cc45882f58fda9808ff00acd38a46073" style="display: none;" border="0" height="1" width="1" alt=""/ pa href="http://feeds.wired.com/~a/wired/index?a=qz6II4"img src="http://feeds.wired.com/~a/wired/index?i=qz6II4" border="0"/img/a/pimg src="http://feeds.wired.com/~r/wired/index/~4/459238341" height="1" width="1"/

[b]The Long Now Foundation's[/b] monthly series [url=http://www.longnow.org/projects/seminars/]Seminars About Long-term Thinking[/url]br / br / [img]http://media.longnow.org/files/2/Prelinger_web.jpg[/img]br / [b]br / Rick Prelinger[/b] presentsbr / [i]Lost Landscapes of San Francisco[/i]br / br / Rick Prelinger is a guerrilla archivist who collects the uncollected and makes it accessible. Prelinger will be presenting his third annual "Lost Landscapes of San Francisco" event, an eclectic montage of lost and rarely-seen film clips showing life, landscapes and labor in a vanished San Francisco as captured by amateurs, newsreel cameramen and industrial filmmakers.br / br / We encourage the audience to interact with the film, especially to identify mystery scenes! After the event will be a reception and holiday party at The Long Now Museum and Store. The Prelingers, Long Now's staff and board will be on hand, and we plan to continue to project footage from the Prelinger Archive on every surface we can. There will be some light snacks and wine served.br / br / The Seminars About Long-term Thinking were started in 02003 to build a coherent, compelling body of ideas about long-term thinking, to help nudge civilization toward Long Now's goal of making long-term thinking automatic and common instead of difficult and rare.br / br / Seminar hosted by Stewart Brand.br / [url]www.longnow.org[/url]br / br / [b]Friday, December 19[/b], 02008br / Doors open 7:00pm, talk at [b]7:30pm[/b] lasting ~1.5 hoursbr / br / [b]The Cowell Theater[/b] atbr / Fort Mason Center, Pier 2br / San Francisco, CA 94123br / [url=http://www.fortmason.org/directions/index.shtml]Directions[/url]br / br / $10 suggested donationbr / br / We recommend you arrive early; priority seating is available for [url=https://secure.longnow.org/members/]Members of Long Now[/url].br / br / There will be a reception at [url=http://www.longnow.org/contact/]The Long Now Museum Store[/url] following the Seminar.br / br / For more information contact:br / Danielle Engelmanbr / Community Development Directorbr / danielle@longnow.orgbr / 415.561.6582 x1img src="http://rhizome.org/syndicate/nothing.gif?f=announce" border="0"img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/rhizome-announce/~4/458813664" height="1" width="1"/

[b]The Long Now Foundation's[/b] monthly series [url=http://www.longnow.org/projects/seminars/]Seminars About Long-term Thinking[/url]br / br / [img]http://media.longnow.org/files/2/Prelinger_web.jpg[/img]br / [b]br / Rick Prelinger[/b] presentsbr / [i]Lost Landscapes of San Francisco[/i]br / br / Rick Prelinger is a guerrilla archivist who collects the uncollected and makes it accessible. Prelinger will be presenting his third annual "Lost Landscapes of San Francisco" event, an eclectic montage of lost and rarely-seen film clips showing life, landscapes and labor in a vanished San Francisco as captured by amateurs, newsreel cameramen and industrial filmmakers.br / br / We encourage the audience to interact with the film, especially to identify mystery scenes! After the event will be a reception and holiday party at The Long Now Museum and Store. The Prelingers, Long Now's staff and board will be on hand, and we plan to continue to project footage from the Prelinger Archive on every surface we can. There will be some light snacks and wine served.br / br / The Seminars About Long-term Thinking were started in 02003 to build a coherent, compelling body of ideas about long-term thinking, to help nudge civilization toward Long Now's goal of making long-term thinking automatic and common instead of difficult and rare.br / br / Seminar hosted by Stewart Brand.br / [url]www.longnow.org[/url]br / br / [b]Friday, December 19[/b], 02008br / Doors open 7:00pm, talk at [b]7:30pm[/b] lasting ~1.5 hoursbr / br / [b]The Cowell Theater[/b] atbr / Fort Mason Center, Pier 2br / San Francisco, CA 94123br / [url=http://www.fortmason.org/directions/index.shtml]Directions[/url]br / br / $10 suggested donationbr / br / We recommend you arrive early; priority seating is available for [url=https://secure.longnow.org/members/]Members of Long Now[/url].br / br / There will be a reception at [url=http://www.longnow.org/contact/]The Long Now Museum Store[/url] following the Seminar.br / br / For more information contact:br / Danielle Engelmanbr / Community Development Directorbr / danielle@longnow.orgbr / 415.561.6582 x1img src="http://rhizome.org/syndicate/nothing.gif?f=announce" border="0"img src="http://feeds.feedburner.com/~r/rhizome-announce/~4/458813665" height="1" width="1"/