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[HOW TO]Terminal Basics

iPod touch Fans forum

- 19 hours and 40 minutes ago

Since MobileFinder is not working to move files within the device, or at least not with modifying it, I decided to make a little "tutorial" about Terminal (you'll need to install MobileTerminal from Cydia to use this. I reccomend that you put it in BossPrefs' dock, so that you can let other people play with your iPod/Phone without access to the Terminal, I also recommend that you change your password instructions below))

So:
This is what I know so far, I haven't gotten to permissions, so I'm not too sure about how to change permissions, but if you want me to add it, just PM me on how to do it and I'll update this thread.

These are the basics I use the most, if you need more, you can google UNIX terminal help or something like that, and you'll probably find a lot of stuff.

If you think I missed anything, or something is not clear, you can PM me or reply here and I'll update the thread.

First, you start in the folder /var/mobile with mobile privileges. If you want to move, rename, delete, and change permissions you need to log is as root, I'll cover that a little bit further.

Common commands (you don't need to log as root to use these):

cd - changes directory. Example, if you are in /var, and type "cd mobile", you'll go to /var/mobile

Uses of cd:
"cd .." - takes you up one level, say you are on /var/mobile, and type "cd ..", you'll be on /var
"cd ~" - takes you to /var/mobile
"cd *folder path*" will take you to that folder

ls - lists the directories and files in the folder you are in, really useful

Uses of ls:
"ls" - just displays the files and folders in the directory you are in
"ls ~" Displays the contents of /var/mobile
"ls *folder path*" displays the contents in the folder you specified

less - displays a text file within the terminal
Uses:
"less document.txt" will display the text in document.txt, given that is a text document.

Root commands - to use these, you need to log in as root, so just type "su root", and it will ask you for your password. Default is alpine (though I recommend that you change it), and it's ok if when you type your password the letters don't show up, it's for security.

passwd - This will change the password, after you loged in as root, type passwd and it will ask you to type your new password twice. Again, while you type it won't show anything, don't worry, that's for security. PLEASE use something you'll remember :p

mkdir - makes a folder inside the folder you are in
Example:
"mkdir MyTheme.theme" will create the folder MyTheme.theme in the folder I am browsing at that time

mv - moves and renames files and folders
Examples:
"mv file1.txt file2.txt" will rename from file1.txt to file2.txt
"mv file1.txt /var/mobile/file1.txt" will move file1.txt to /var/mobile/

rm - CAREFUL WITH THIS. this one is to delete files, but you have to be careful on how you use it, or you can delete important files. If you are deleting something, enter the full name of the file/folder (i'll explain why in a little)
Example:
"rm MyTheme.theme" will delete the folder MyTheme.theme, if it is in the directory I am browsing, otherwise it will send a message saying it didn't find the file.

cp - Copies a file or folder, the syntax is similar to mv (I have not used this much though)
Examples:
"cp file1.txt file2.txt" will create a new file called file2.txt that is a copy of file1.txt, in the same directory
"cp file1.txt /var/mobile/file1.txt" will make a new file that is a copy of file1.txt in /var/mobile/, named file1.txt

Tips:
If you don't want to write the full name of a folder, or don't know the exact name, there are some characters you can use.

? - will act as any ONE character, so let's say you want to go to Themes.8Hd61k, but don't remember the last 6 characters, you type "cd Themes.??????" and voila

* - is even more lazy, if you want to go to Themes.8Hd6k, you can just type "cd The*" and the * will act as the rest of the folder name. Note that you have to make sure that there's only one folder that starts with The.
Say you have a folder called Theme1, and another one called Theme2, you have to write the full name, otherwise it will take you to whatever folder it wants (probably to Theme1, as it goes before)

NOTE: In all the commands, remove the ""s, I just used them to make it easier to know where it starts and ends.

Hope it all was easy to understand, english is not my primary language :rolleyes:.

Any doubts, just reply or PM me.

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[ae] James Boyle

Joho the Blog

- 1 days and 6 hours ago

James Boyle is chairman of Creative Commons and teaches law at Duke. He’s talking about the nature of openness. [Note: Live blogging. Error prone and error-full.]

We have patterns of behavior that economic theory does not predict. We are risk averse. For example, it makes no sense to buy a warranty; we buy them out of an absurd sense that buying the warranty affects the device’s outcome. There is another kind of bias that we wouldn’t predict from economic theory: A systematic bias against openness. We don’t expect openness and collaboration to generate what they do. We overestimate the risks. We underestimate the risks of closed systems and overestimate closed systems’ benefits.

Suppose in 1990 I came to you with two proposals: Build an open system. Or, build something like Minitel, Compuserv or AOL; it’s controlled and permission-based. Which would you pick? If you pick the first, you’ll have piracy, spam, massive amounts of crap, flame wars, massive violations of IP, use for immoral purposes. “I think you’d pick network #2″ because those risks are foreseeable, but you couldn’t imagine wikis, blogs, Google maps, etc. It’s hard for us to imagine the benefits of open systems. It’s not intuitive.

Again, in 1990 you are asked to assemble the greatest encyclopedia, in most languages, updated in real time, adopt a neutral point of view. In 1990, you’d say that you need maybe a billion dollars, a hierarchical corporation, lots of editors, vet the writers you’re hiring, peer reviewers, copyright it all to recoup the money we’ve invested, trademark it. And someone else says, “We’ll have a web site, and people will like put stuff up and people will edit it.” How many of us would have picked #2. We don’t understand openness.

Free software is the same story.

What conclusions should we draw? Some people are raised in places where they learn how to drive in snow and ice. They learn to turn into the skid, contrary to our impulses. We can train ourselves to overcome our biases. But open doesn’t always work. Sometimes we do need closed, controlled. E.g., open won’t get us all the way to a phase 3 drug trial. Open doesn’t always work for privacy. We need a world with both open and closed.

So far, James says, we in the audience agree. Now for some things that will not flatter our sympathy.

He talks about Putnam’s “Bowling Alone” that talks about the loss of civil organizations in America. But, Putnam noticed that in the early 1900s American intellectuals noticed that the move to cities fragmented the old ties. But they didn’t say that history will just automatically correct itself. Instead, they created organizations like the Kiwanis, the Elks, etc. They invented institutions to make up for a problem they saw. Eventually, those institutions worked.

So, if we are bad at judging the boundaries between open and closed, if it’s important to get it right, then it’s beholden on us to create the institutions of civil society that enable us to get past our biases. Creative Commons is one such. It provides an infrastructure for sharing our work.

Science Commons is another such group. The Web was created to exchange scientific info, but the Web currently works much better for buying shoes or porn than doing that. The vast majority of scientific literature is behind the pay wall. You can find it but not read it. Nor can you build a sort of Google Maps mashup — take all the literature on malaria, find all the geo locations, all the proteins, overlay it, build a wikipedia for science. You can’t do that because it’s illegal, technologically impossible, and even if you could, you can’t reassemble it and do a click and buy. “The World Wide Web doesn’t work for science.” Science commons tries to address that…

Q: Is the bias a metaphor or an inherent inability to understand openness?
A: About 80% is explained by the fact that for most of my generation’s lives, our experience of property was with physical things; if I have it, you can’t. There are economic benefits to knowing who owns it. The closed intuitions generally work there.

[I have to stop to get read to give my talk ...] [Tags: ae08 ars_electronica james_boyle creative_commons copyright ]

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[ae] AKMA

Joho the Blog

- 1 days and 7 hours ago

I’m sitting on the speakers panel at Ars Electronica, listening to AKMA. “Theological discourse intrudes awkwardly into tech conferences,” he says. Theologists and technologists frequently talk past one another, he says. They are mutually suspicious. Theologians sometimes suffer from “replacement panic,” the fear that online will replace real world interaction. The church needs to “indiginate” itself online. [Live blogging. Poorly. Omissions, typos, mistakes. That's just the way it.]

Jacques Paul Migne discovered in the 19th century the most efficient means of editing a paper: outright plagiarism. He’d copy an entire article, while introducing it by noting where it was first published. “He scraped newsfeeds and republished them.” Migne owned five steam presses in 1861. He published a “universal theological library” comprising 25 vols of Biblical commentary, 25 vol encyc, 18 vol of Christian apologetics, 13 vols in praise of the blessed Virgin Mary, and many more. While most relied on public domain sources, he sometimes republished volumes still within copyright. It was a “theological literature Pirates Bay.” Charles Sheldon’s “In His Steps” (”What would Jesus do?”) had a technically flawed copyright notice, so it was republished without permission.

So, situate all of this in the transition to digital media, AKMA suggests. Theological might serve as a useful “fishbowl” for technological innovators. There are online libraries of theological works, but “no organization has broken through to offer open access digital works” in comfortable, readable formats. “The conditions for publishing will go through some sort of convulsive change.” It will not replace books. But it will enable a “vastly more open exchange of digital literature.” We need “shareable, searchable, downloadable, disposable” texts, as well as durable, ownable printed texts. We need an open, standard format with a direct correlation to print copies (because print will survive and will generate cash flow). This will provide users wioth the “tools and the incentive to particiapte in the production of knowledge.”

Q: (James Boyle) You say technologists should see in the theological domain an opportunity to expand the commons. Why have not the faithful seen IP issues as something that gets in the way of the practice of their faith? E.g., many pieces of sacred music is under copyright. The organist at a local church said that she has a parishoner who is dying of cancer and I want to send her a cd of the music. They want $5,000 for a hymn.” I told her to go ahead and when they sue you, come to me. Why isn’t the world of the faithful looking at these issues?
A: The Bible publishing industry was one of the startups in 19th century US because the King couldn’t enforce copyright on this side of the ocean. Replacement panic causes the church to fear that personal interactions will evaporate. And assimilation to the culture of property rights. [Tags: ae08 ars_technica akma religion theology ]

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Haiti, Bahamas: Hurricane Hanna

Global Voices Online

- 1 days and 18 hours ago

Raging flood waters from Hurricane Hanna - Photo courtesy haitianchildrenshome.org; used with permission. Visit their flickr photostream.

Haiti didn't need another tropical storm, far less another hurricane. But the Atlantic hurricane season can be a cruel taskmaster; storms strike the Third World as evenhandedly as they do the First World, but for developing nations, the recovery process seems to be that much slower and more challenging.

As Hanna descended upon the island, she brought with her more rains, more flooding and more death.

Friends for Heath said that “as with most things in Haiti”, they were at the mercy of the forces of nature:

We’ve had another 24 hours of high winds and drenching rains as Haiti felt the effects of nearby tropical storm Hannah. The rain started around midnight Monday night and when we got up yesterday morning, our flat roof had several inches of water on it, the storage depot was flooded and there were several tree branches down in the yard. It rained on and off all day, with intermittent heavy winds, but we did not suffer any further damage. We talked with friends in Port-au-Prince, who said that several areas there were flooded again. The worst hit area was Gonaives and St. Marc, with extensive flooding leaving thousands homeless.

Konbit Pou Ayiti agreed that “sometimes it can be hard to believe that Mother Nature is not cruel”, posting photos to drive the point home:

Haiti is the country in this region that is least able to weather a storm of any size. Even just a hard rain can result in death and destruction. Over the last week, two major storms hit Haiti. Hurricane Gustav was a Category Two hurricane when it made ground in Jacmel, bringing ninety mile per hour winds and pounding rain to the area. At the beginning of this week, Hurricane Hanna took a second swipe at the island, leaving the towns of Gonaives and Les Cayes underwater.

The remnants of a house post-Hurricane Hanna - Photo courtesy haitianchildrenshome.org; used with permission.

Several bloggers, disheartened at the daunting prospect of facing even more loss and damage than they did with Gustav, turned to prayer. RHFH Rescue Center was matter-of-fact about it:

Haiti cannot take a category 3 hurricane. We cannot. Please pray!

The Haiti Lady hoped her prayers would help the thousands of families adversely affected by the storm, noting that “Haiti's death toll from Hanna doubles to 137″ and “some 250,000 people are affected around the country's fourth-largest city.”

Prayerforce.Org got in on the prayer blogging action right around the time Hanna was hitting the Bahamas:

She has killed over 90 people in Haiti due to floods and mudslides, in addition to the 75 Haitians killed by Hurricane Gustav.

Haiti, an impoverished nation of 9 million souls, was already on the edge of starvation before these two storms. Most Haitians live on less than $2 a day and the meteoric rise in the price of oil, along with manipulation of global markets by hedge funds, had already caused food shortages.

Uprooted Tree - Photo courtesy haitianchildrenshome.org; used with permission.

Haiti Reborn posted links to several mainstream media stories about the damage, saying:

Tens of thousands of Haitians are trapped in the flooded city of Gonaives in a gruesome replay of what happened in Hurricane Jeanne in 2004.

The blog, along with Dying in Haiti, also published emails from people who gave first-hand accounts of the damage:

In Gros Morne we hardly got a drop from Gustav but it wouldn't let Hanna move on after Hanna slammed us hard. It's worse than Hurricane Jeanne here.

Much property and garden lost. Five houses in town were washed into Riviere Mancelle.

We don't have many reports because roads are out and phone don't work in a number of places. Gonaives is dreadful because of Hanna, and Ike and Josephine are on their way.

North-west of Haiti, in the Bahamas, Nicolette Bethel was taking a wait-and-see approach:

I’m sitting here, a tropical storm watch active for the area, while three storms line up and take aim on us.

Of them, the one that worries me the most is Ike â€” a decent Cat Four hurricane currently heading straight for Nassau.

Today, she posted this update:

Hanna has passed without incident, as expected. Ike has weakened and has shifted a little so that the eye is no longer heading for New Providence but further south. We don’t know what will happen, but there it is.

We’re keeping our eyes on the storm.

Keeping their eyes on the storm is really all the Caribbean can do until this year's hurricane season is over.

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